这不是青春叛逆,这是青少年抑郁,专家呼吁及早干预
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style='text-align: center; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='text-align: center; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><p style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 32px;'><strong style='font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(122, 68, 66); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='text-align: left; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>“青少年的抑郁症状更不容易被发现。青少年出现抑郁时,往往伴随着食欲不振,在应该生长的年纪,体重长时间没有变化。而当青少年出现易怒、焦虑等情况时,往往会被家长视为青春期叛逆,这也会错失医疗干预的时间。”刘俊升说。</span></strong></p><p style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 32px;'><strong style='font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(122, 68, 66); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='text-align: left; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'><br></span></strong></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: var(--articleFontsize);width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>学生在上课。图/IC photo</span></strong></span></strong></span></p><p style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 32px;'><br></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></p><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: right; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 12px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>文</span></strong></span><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>丨新京报</span></strong><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>记者 隋坤</span></strong><span style='font-size: 12px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; display: none; line-height: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></strong></span></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: right; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>编</span></strong><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>辑丨胡杰</span></strong></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: right; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; display: none; line-height: 0px;'></span></strong></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: right; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'> 校对丨陈荻雁</span></strong></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: rgb(34, 34, 34); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-weight: normal; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><o:p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><o:p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; min-height: 0px; background-clip: border-box; background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); bottom: auto; height: auto; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; top: auto; z-index: auto; visibility: visible; clear: none; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; min-height: 0px; background-clip: border-box; background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); bottom: auto; height: auto; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; top: auto; z-index: auto; visibility: visible; clear: none; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; 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background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); bottom: auto; height: auto; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; top: auto; z-index: auto; visibility: visible; clear: none; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><o:p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background-clip: border-box; background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); bottom: auto; line-height: 24px; min-height: 0px; height: auto; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; top: auto; z-index: auto; visibility: visible; clear: none; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 15px; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; 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font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>本文</span><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-size: 15px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>4726</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>字</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>阅读</span><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-size: 15px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>8</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-size: medium; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>分钟</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“小孩能有什么心事?”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“小孩的心事多着呢!你真正了解过吗?!”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>这是上初一的女儿第一次对自己大声怒吼,来自安徽的家长李红(化名)被吓了一跳。李红那时才发现,女儿情绪不稳定已经持续了一段时间。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>回想升入初一的这几个月,李红发现,女儿的话明显变少。几个月前,还在上小学的女儿活泼开朗,但近期总是皱着眉头,控制不住地流泪,并且“睡眠浅了,半夜起来的次数多了”。前一段时间,老师曾给李红打电话,告诉她,女儿总是“在课堂上睡觉”。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>后来,李红用了很长时间做心理建设,才接受了“女儿可能有精神疾病”这个猜想。带女儿到精神科就诊后,女儿最终被确诊为抑郁症。李红认为,升学阶段的不适应是女儿发病的主要诱因。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>华东师范大学教育学系副教授杨光富肯定了这种说法,“不管是小升初,还是初中升高中,课业压力骤增都让许多孩子出现不同程度的不适应,厌学、睡眠不佳、焦虑……严重者已经出现抑郁症状。升学阶段的青少年容易产生心理问题,在业界已经是一个共识。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>中国科学院心理研究所发布的《中国国民心理健康发展报告(2021~2022)》显示,青少年抑郁障碍识别率为12%,社交焦虑障碍识别率为73.8%。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>小学升初中阶段,学生的重度抑郁检出率从3.3%跃升至8.2%,轻度抑郁检出率从9.8%跃升至16.5%,增长率均为小学四年级到高三之间的峰值。此后,初中生每年的抑郁检出率持续上升。而在初中升高中阶段,轻度抑郁的检出率达到了26.8%,是从小学四年级到高三的峰值。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>青少年心理安全论坛于上个月公布的《关于青少年心理焦虑、抑郁的问卷调查报告》也显示,在影响青少年焦虑(抑郁)的各种因素中,超过一半被调查的学生选择的是“升学压力”,占比为54.66%。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>在孩子神经紧绷的升学阶段,背后还站着更加焦虑的老师和家长。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: auto !important;'></span></section><section style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><strong style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong>“每年寒暑假开学后,科室里来就诊的孩子就会增加”</strong></span></strong></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>11月15日凌晨1点,北京街头寒风瑟瑟,在北京大学第六医院(以下简称北医六院)门口,站满了裹着被子与毯子的人。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>北医六院是中国顶级的精神专科医院,拥有全国最顶尖的儿童精神科室和专家。即便是深夜,北医六院的儿童精神科依然灯火通明、人来人往。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>周圆(化名)的儿子今年13岁,刚上初中。周圆说,孩子升入初中后因为诸多不适应,出现肢体功能障碍,每日嗜睡、沉迷网络、情绪异常,最终不得不休学。周圆15日当天从内蒙古鄂尔多斯带着儿子来京,想挂一位著名专家的号。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>11月15日凌晨1点,北医六院外等待专家号的家长们。新京报记者 隋坤 摄</span></strong></span></strong></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: normal;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>当新京报记者看见他时,他正在北医三院门口,裹着一条厚厚的毛毯在寒风中来回踱步。他告诉新京报记者,自己正在等待专家放号,可能要排到天亮。<br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>周圆说,他已接受了孩子“无法走学习高考这条路”的事实,目前唯一的愿望,就是通过专家诊断控制住病情。“只要我的孩子能正常长大,有一份能照顾自己的工作,我就心满意足了。剩下的我已不再奢望。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>在周圆身边还站着几位患儿家长,有两位家长的孩子是中学生,还有一位的孩子正在读高一。这位高一家长告诉新京报记者,目前孩子已经休学,因为嗜睡和时而暴躁的情绪已经让孩子无法进行正常学习生活。她说,“这一休学,不知道什么时候才能复学了。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>同一时间,在门诊楼内的儿童精神科,医生总是不停加号,许多挂到号的家长在等待医生叫号。一位医院工作人员表示:“没办法,孩子们大老远来北京,医生不加号看能怎么办。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>深夜里,孩子的吵闹声、家长的交流声和系统广播叫号声掺杂在一起,与周围静谧的走廊形成鲜明对比。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>北京大学第六医院儿童精神科医生林红曾对腾讯新闻说:“来我这边看病的孩子,最小的还在上幼儿园,最大的已经上了大学,但主要的群体是小学高年级的学生和初中生,也就是即将面临小升初和中考的孩子,他们最大的共性就是不能上学了。学生的社会功能主要是上学,不能正常上学,就叫社会功能受损。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>首都医科大学附属北京安定医院儿童精神科主任医师何凡则对媒体表示,孩子抑郁的高发期与青春期有一定重叠,而开学压力和升学压力都是诱因之一。“每年寒暑假开学后,科室里来就诊的孩子就会增加。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>据中国新闻周刊报道,在今年10月公布的“中国儿童青少年精神障碍流行病学调查”显示,在73992名来自全国各地的青少年中,12到16岁所患精神疾病的概率,显著高于6到11岁。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>此外,中国麻醉药品协会精神卫生分会发布的《2023年度中国精神心理健康》蓝皮书显示,中国青少年抑郁症的检出率比四年前几乎翻了一倍。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='box-sizing: content-box;outline: none !important;'></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>这项数据证明了何凡的亲身感受,她曾对媒体表示:“就在四五年前,诊室里来的患儿主要还是精神分裂症等疾病,如今因抑郁症求医的孩子已占大多数。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: auto !important;'></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; text-align: justify;'><strong style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66); font-size: var(--articleFontsize); letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong>“每名初中生都像一台精密的仪器”</strong></span></strong></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>对于升学阶段学生的心理问题,北京某中学年轻教师梁璐(化名)一直有所关注,但当班里学生刘雪(化名)亲口对自己说“感觉人生根本没有意义”的时候,梁璐还是吓了一跳。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>在梁璐眼中,刘雪一直是个安静的孩子,平日不常与同学交流。梁璐说,刘雪小学在国外就读,初中时跟随家长回国。生活环境的变化与学习节奏变化叠加在一起,让她感到非常不适应。“刘雪虽不是抑郁症那么严重,但已有抑郁倾向。据我了解,周末她经常坐在窗户边上,一动不动地呆坐一下午。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>刘雪的情况并非孤例。在梁璐眼中,越来越多本该青春洋溢、活蹦乱跳的初一学生,变得毫无朝气。“感觉他们一天叹的气比我都多。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“其实我能理解这些中学生。”北京郊区某中学班主任黄伟(化名)说,“从小学到初中只隔了一个暑假,他们却已经从‘快乐学习’一下闯入了‘应试教育’。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>黄伟向记者介绍了他所在学校初一学生的作息时间表。在这所寄宿学校,学生们通常早上6点起床跑早操;7点10分左右吃完早饭开始早自习;8点上第一节课,中午12点20放学;之后学生们陆续去吃午饭,等回宿舍午休时已是下午1点;休息不到1小时后,下午2点前开始上课;等到晚上6点20,开始晚自习;晚自习共3节,一直到晚上9点10分放学;等到学生回到宿舍,学生们还要在“学校的倡导下”继续学习,直到熄灯。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>按照时间表,一位13岁左右的初一学生,每天从早上6点到晚上11点都在进行高强度的学习生活。“初中生每日平均学习时间比小学整整多了将近4个小时。感觉每名初中生都像一台精密的仪器,昼夜不停地运转。有时候连老师都熬不住了。”黄伟说。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>除此之外,梁璐认为,海量的考试对于升学阶段的孩子来说也是一项巨大的压力。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>在梁璐任教的学校,初一学生每周都有考试,课目考、随堂考、月考、期中和期末考试“层出不穷”,每学期考试的次数是小学阶段的数倍。虽然这些考试不让排名,但“每周看一次分数的压力”还是压垮了很多学生。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>然而比自己看成绩压力更大的,是学生家长们看成绩。黄伟说,许多家长对自家孩子在小学阶段的要求和初中阶段有天壤之别。“我们同事之间时常说笑的一句话是,‘小学生的周末全是吹拉弹唱,而中学生的周末只有语数外’。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>黄伟认为,小学阶段重学习习惯,中学阶段重学习成绩,两种现象在升学阶段对撞得尤为明显。</span></p><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: auto !important;'></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; text-align: justify;'><strong style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66); font-size: var(--articleFontsize); letter-spacing: 0.034em;'>“将学校里的压力释放在了家里”</strong></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>韩丽(化名)来自山东,女儿今年刚上初一,与新京报记者交谈时,她刻意压低了声音,说“女儿正在写作业”。如何与女儿沟通正成为韩丽面临的难题,因为刚上初一的女儿最近情绪阴晴不定。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>如今,韩丽与女儿沟通时有点“小心翼翼”,自从上初中后,“前一秒轻声慢语的女儿,可能下一秒就暴跳如雷。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>韩丽认为,女儿之所以变成这样,是因为将学校里的压力释放在了家里。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>升学阶段的压力,不仅重重压在了孩子身上,也将许多家长撞击得头晕目眩。“自从女儿上了初中,我们做家长的作息也跟着全变了。”韩丽说。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>女儿升初一后,上学时间比小学阶段提前了一小时,韩丽也只能提前一小时起床,给女儿准备早餐。现在,韩丽每个工作日的早上5点半起床,雷打不动。晚上9点半女儿到家,还要看着女儿做会儿作业,或者预习一下明天的功课。这段时间里,韩丽要求自己“不看电视,少玩手机,给孩子做个好榜样”。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>在韩丽身边,许多家长感觉孩子的学业压力传递到了自己身上,时常让自己比孩子更焦虑。韩丽曾目睹小区内某位家长在晚上将孩子关在门外,任由孩子敲着门哭喊:“妈妈我错了,我会学习的,我会认真阅读的。”后来这位家长十分后悔,不知道自己当时为什么要那样做。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>北京的初一学生家长林雪(化名)也感受到了这股压力。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“我女儿下午5点40放学,本来是坐校车的,但为了让女儿更早回家做作业、睡觉,最近我开始开车接她放学了。”林雪说。“女儿平均每晚做4门作业,作业做完基本都在晚上十点左右。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>据林雪观察,女儿班里的同学,几乎人人都是“晚上10点半到11点之间睡觉”,每天的睡眠时间只有7小时左右。看着每日睡眼惺忪的女儿,林雪心疼,却不知该怎么办。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>然而,有些孩子在出现抑郁倾向后,得不到家长的理解。据经济观察报报道,北医六院儿童精神科诊室里曾有家长当众质问14岁的孩子“你有什么好抑郁”,情绪激动的家长还表示:“我过得这么难,我都没抑郁,我抑郁还差不多!”听闻此话,孩子眼含热泪。类似情形在全国各地的儿童精神科诊室时有发生,北京安定医院儿童精神科副主任医师闫秀萍告诉媒体,自己曾见过 “女儿一有情绪就打”的家长。在诊室里,女孩对闫秀萍说:“你得跟我爸说说,让他也去看看病。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>林雪认为,升学阶段课业压力大的原因复杂,责任并不完全在学校。“整个社会的焦虑转化成了对学历的崇拜,这种压力传递到了中高考指挥棒上,中高考的指挥棒又将压力传到了学校,最后传到了学生和家长身上。我们家长作为这个‘焦虑链’上微不足道的一环,能做的其实并不多。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: 49px;'></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><strong style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;'>专家呼吁及时干预</strong></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>由《人民日报》健康客户端、《健康时报》等共同发布的《2022国民抑郁症蓝皮书》显示,青少年抑郁症患病率已达15%到20%,50%的抑郁症患者为在校学生。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></p><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: normal;'><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'>10月22日,2023世界精神卫生日绿丝带系列活动——“无需抱歉”抑郁青少年艺术作品展在北京展出。<strong style='letter-spacing: 0.034em;'>图/IC photo</strong></strong></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.034em;'></strong><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.034em;'></strong></strong></span></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院教授刘俊升对新京报记者说,近几年青少年有抑郁症状的人数确实有一定程度增长。青少年对于自己的压力和期望,有时也会成为抑郁的原因,有很多成绩很好的学生反而出现了严重的抑郁和焦虑问题。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>华东师范大学教育学系副教授<span style='caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);'>杨光</span><span style='caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);'>富</span>告诉记者,其实教育学界一直承认,对初中生的标准和要求与对小学生的标准和要求区别很大。曾有一线教师对<span style='caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);'>杨光</span><span style='caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);'>富</span>说,许多升学阶段的孩子之所以出现心理问题,就是因为两个标准的不同。“现在情况是,国内学生从小学到初中缺乏过度,没给孩子适应环境的过程。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>如今,青少年出现抑郁症状后,出现极端行为的人数也在逐年增加。刘俊升说,这与当代青少年的成长环境有关。“前几代人的孩童时代与外界接触较多,拥有更多的社交活动,这有助于孩子发展出相应的能力应对环境挑战。而当代青少年虽然物质条件更丰富,但与同伴互动和交往的时间更少,很多重要的能力没有发展出来,所以更容易出现极端行为。”</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“青少年的抑郁症状更不容易被发现。青少年出现抑郁时,往往伴随着食欲不振,在应该生长的年纪,体重长时间没有变化。而当青少年出现易怒、焦虑等情况时,往往会被家长视为青春期叛逆,这也会错失医疗干预的时间。”刘俊升说。</span></p><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p></div>
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