首页导航 › 爱上槐荫 › 一起不寻常的“临终托孤”

蹦蹦蹦 发表于 2023-9-22 11:30:15

一起不寻常的“临终托孤”

<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style='text-align: center; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='text-align: center; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><p style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 32px;'><strong style='font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(122, 68, 66); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='text-align: left; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>“她病得很重，说话都很吃力，但那天下午絮絮叨叨和我聊了两个多小时，看得出她非常担忧儿子的未来生活。”后来，在法庭上，居委会工作人员这样说道。</span></strong><strong style='font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(122, 68, 66); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='text-align: left; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>遗嘱立好之后的第6天，51岁的陈荣母亲撒手人寰。</span></strong></p><section style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 32px;'><o:p></o:p></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><br></p><p style='caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>8月22日，上海市首例遗嘱指定监护案庭审现场。受访者供图</span></strong></span></strong></p><p style='caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'><br></span></strong></span></strong></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'></span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></p><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: right; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 12px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>文丨新京报</span></strong><strong><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>记者 </span></strong></span><span style='font-size: 12px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>朱清华<br></span></strong></span><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>编辑丨陈晓舒<span style='display: none;line-height: 0px;'></span></span></strong></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: right; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 12px;'><span style='outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'> 校对丨赵琳</span></strong><span style='font-size: 12px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; display: none; line-height: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></strong></span></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: rgb(34, 34, 34); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-weight: normal; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><o:p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><o:p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; min-height: 0px; background-clip: border-box; background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); bottom: auto; height: auto; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; top: auto; 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background-repeat: repeat; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><o:p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; min-height: 0px; background-clip: border-box; background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); bottom: auto; height: auto; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; top: auto; z-index: auto; visibility: visible; clear: none; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; 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visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>本文</span><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-size: 15px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>6894</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>字</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: currentcolor none 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>阅读</span><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-size: 15px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>12</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-size: medium; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 28px; widows: 1; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(217, 33, 66); font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: FangSong; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>分钟</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong><br><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>四年间，上海中学生陈荣度过了波折的青春期。12岁时，父亲因精神疾病入院治疗，今年春天，他刚满16岁，母亲患病离世。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>临终前6天，陈荣母亲在一位好友的见证下，请居委会的工作人员代书了遗嘱。她在遗嘱中希望，自己64岁的大姐、陈荣的大姨徐如丽能担任陈荣的监护人。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>这是一起不寻常的“临终托孤”。被托付人徐如丽长期在河南农村生活，不熟悉上海，也不懂得法律程序。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>此后，一个保护未成年人的闭环链条开始启动。居委会、检察院、社工、援助律师、法院、妇联、第三方公证机构等，每个环节的人员循着前一环的轨迹，完成衔接，为陈荣，为他即将到来的18岁完成保护链的闭环。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>这是2021年《民法典》施行后上海首例遗嘱指定监护的案件，也是全国首例将监护监督写进判决的案例。检察院支持起诉是该案的一大特点，上海市长宁区检察院检察官尤丽娜解释，检察院以涉刑事案件为主，民事支持起诉并不是代替当事人去起诉，而主要支持那些诉讼能力较弱的民事主体，比如家暴受害人，农民工等弱势群体，实现双方当事人诉权的实质平等。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: auto !important;'></span></section><section style='text-align: justify; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><strong style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong>生前遗嘱</strong></span></strong><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>在上海，陈荣家在一片老公房的一楼。20多平米的房子分为两间，租出去一间，16岁的陈荣和大姨徐如丽住另一间的上下铺。开学后，陈荣周一到周五都在学校，大多数时候，徐如丽一个人在家。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>一个人的时候，徐如丽会去比较远的地方买菜，来回步行40分钟。她经常买包菜，黄瓜，“便宜的时候一块多钱一斤”，菜太贵了，她想自己苦一点，少吃一点。周末等陈荣回来，再好好做饭。她也想找份工作，但是年过60，且做过心脏手术，就业能力有限。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>陈荣身世坎坷。大姨徐如丽说，7岁时，陈荣父亲查出双相情感障碍，被评定为精神残疾一级。家里不安宁，发病时他的父亲会有暴力行为，有一次，陈荣的牙齿被打掉。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>12岁时，父亲被送往上海市长宁区精神卫生中心接受治疗，此后再未和家人一起生活。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>母子相依为命，但2020年，母亲确诊为胃癌晚期，那一年，陈荣13岁。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>从律师到检察官，从社工到法官，陈荣留给所有人的印象是懂事。今年16岁，上高二，爱打篮球，不乱花钱，没有不良嗜好，阳光，心事不重，喜欢物理，成绩中上。徐如丽说，“陈荣开学了都不舍得多买一双运动鞋。”</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>他除了年幼时，过年过节和大姨的几次见面之外，真正的长时间交集是在母亲患病后。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>陈荣的母亲是家里最小的女儿，徐如丽是长女。2020年，徐如丽来上海三个月，照看生病的妹妹，每天买菜，做饭，帮忙擦洗身体，每个月陪着去化疗。2022年10月，陈荣母亲病情恶化时，徐如丽再次前来帮忙。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>2023年2月底，陈荣母亲出院回家。最后的日子里，大多数普通人不会想到立遗嘱，也想不到居委会能帮上什么忙。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>但陈荣的母亲想到了，她没有正职，偶尔打点儿零工，平时喜欢作诗、画画，对遗嘱有了解，也曾听说过居委会曾帮社区里的老人代书遗嘱。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>因为家境困难，陈荣一家是居委会重点帮扶对象，平时多有工作人员来探望陈荣母亲。今年3月2日下午，居委会的工作人员再次上门。那时的陈荣母亲，已经无法正常进食，只能喝水，面色憔悴。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>她放心不下陈荣。陈荣的爷爷奶奶已经过世，上海没有别的亲属，丈夫又在精神卫生中心住院治疗，她担心自己撒手人寰后，没有人能照料陈荣。陈荣成年前，该由谁来监护？此前在和居委会交流的过程中，她曾提出过这个问题。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>而徐如丽则从来没听过监护人这一说法，在她朴素的认知中，妹妹走了，自己承担起照料孩子的义务是分内事。就这样，姐妹俩达成共识后，陈荣母亲请来了自己20多年的好友当见证人，请居委会的工作人员代笔，完成了遗嘱文书。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“立遗嘱人为保障本人去世后，儿子陈荣的合法权益，特在本人意识清醒、思维清晰、具有完全民事行为能力之时……由居委会工作人员代书遗嘱如下：本人去世后，由本人的姐姐徐如丽担任陈荣的监护人。”立遗嘱人，见证人和代书人，都在遗嘱上签下了自己的名字。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 546px;height: 819px;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>2023年3月，陈荣母亲去世前立下的遗嘱。受访者供图<br></span></strong></span></strong></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.6em;'><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'><mpchecktext><br></mpchecktext></span></strong></span></strong></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“她病得很重，说话都很吃力，但那天下午絮絮叨叨和我聊了两个多小时，看得出她非常担忧儿子的未来生活。”后来，在法庭上，居委会工作人员这样说道。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>遗嘱立好之后的第6天，51岁的陈荣母亲撒手人寰。</span><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: auto !important;'></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><strong style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);text-align: justify;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong>链条启动</strong></span></strong><br></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>今年4月，上海市长宁区检察院在“宁萌护未”（未成年人检察社会服务中心线上平台）小程序上收到一条线索，线索由陈荣所在的街道办人员提交，内容是未成年人陈荣面临无人监管的困境。</span></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>虽然陈荣的监护人由徐如丽担任这一内容已经通过遗嘱立下，但是陈荣的父亲依然健在，变更监护人还没有得到法律上的确认，一些涉及财产处理等需要监护人签署的文件就只能悬而未决。<br></span></section><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;height: auto;width: 100%;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>上海市长宁区检察院开发的“宁萌护未”小程序。网络截图</span></strong></span></strong></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><br></span></strong></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>这条线索触发了链条的第一环，陈荣所在街道办的儿童保护专员。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>上海市每个街道都设有未成年人保护站，由民政部门牵头设立，下沉到社区。如果有涉及未成年人权益受侵害的线索，可以及时向相关部门反映。每个街道的未成年人保护站，都由检察院的承办人来担任法治副站长，长宁区检察院的检察官尤丽娜正是这次涉案街道的法治副站长。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>接到线索后，尤丽娜第一件要做的事是核查事实。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>根据街道办提交的文书材料，从形式上来看，尤丽娜判断这是一份合法的遗嘱，有见证人，也有代书人，并且在当事人去世六天前意识较清醒的情况下签订。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>形式上合法，但内容上仍需谨慎。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>徐如丽第一次见尤丽娜时表达了自己的担忧，怕当不好这个监护人。她文化程度低，并不真正了解法律上的监护人和民间约定俗成帮忙照看遗孤有何本质区别，换了一个称谓后，她觉得这件事情变得严肃而复杂，也怕自己不懂的地方多。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>尤丽娜解释，《民法典》颁布后确立了遗嘱监护制度，但遗嘱监护的前提是不能随意剥夺法定监护人的抚养权。在这个案件里，陈荣的父亲依然活着，虽然患有精神疾病，但不能天然判定没有监护资格，还需要做行为能力的司法鉴定。如果陈荣的父亲有监护能力，那么这份遗嘱实际上是变相剥夺了父亲的监护能力。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>当尤丽娜问陈荣，“你觉得爸爸可不可以做你监护人，出来陪伴你？”她注意到陈荣似乎有些紧张，对父亲的暴力行为好像仍然有阴影。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>尤丽娜不希望仅通过一两次会面来影响法律上的判断，于是委托中立的第三方社工机构开展更全面和深入的调查。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: auto !important;'></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><span style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);'><strong>社工调查</strong></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>链条的另一环加入工作。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>长宁区检察院委托上海市阳光社区青少年事务中心对陈荣的家庭情况继续进行调查。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>张秋蓉是阳光社区的一名社工，她负责陈荣所在的街道辖区，收到委托函后，他们两人一组上门走访。从居委会主任、民政负责人、儿童保护专员那里先获取前期资料，然后是长达五个月的持续跟进和家访。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>张秋蓉有20年社工经验，过去，在实际开展社工调查的过程中，仍然会碰到一些壁垒，比如一些环节上人员的不配合。不过这次，张秋蓉能够明显感到不同，链条之间的配合度更加顺滑。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>在家访中，她遇到最难的问题来自调查对象。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>首先是徐如丽，她觉得监护权转移与否不是很重要，无论如何她作为大姨都会尽心照料。也数次向外人表态，陈荣母亲留下的所有遗产，她绝不会侵占。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>其次是未成年人陈荣的心理变化。陈荣在不同人面前，也呈现出不同的状态。当他和社工交流时，他希望把父亲从精神卫生中心接出来共同生活。当他和检察官尤丽娜会面时，他又有些紧张，希望父亲继续呆在医院接受治疗。精神卫生中心的医生说，陈荣父亲病情反复，需要坚持服药，在一阵摇摆后，陈荣表达了让徐如丽当监护人的意愿。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>在财产方面，16岁的陈荣已经有独立的主张和充分的自信，他认为存到银行，自行支配和管理就好，不必麻烦公共机构来监管。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>但有了监护人，监护人就有权处置这些财产，为了避免监护人损害未成年人的利益，第三方公证处来监管对双方来说是最安全的。此外，未成年人和老年人识别和抵御风险的能力较低，从法律上来看，监管财产是为了保护未成年人的利益最大化。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>这些内容，张秋蓉花了大量的时间反复沟通，才取得对方信任，尽量解释清楚了法律规定和长远考量。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>除此之外，16岁和64岁是否能融洽地长期相处也是社工调查的内容之一。陈荣从小自立，学习生活的自理能力较强，前期可能不适应多出一个亲戚担任监护人的状态，也不习惯如何沟通。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>随着持续跟进，张秋蓉发现，一老一小在生活习惯上的差异得到了磨合。比如上海夏天很热，徐如丽不习惯空调长时间开着，陈荣也会做一些妥协。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>最终，社工的调查报告显示：在陈荣成长过程中，除直系亲属外，陈荣与大姨关系最为密切。大姨曾多次来沪照顾其母子，生活上也相对比较熟悉，具备一定监护能力。</span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>上海市阳光社区青少年事务中心出具的社会调查报告。受访者供图</span></strong></span></strong></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>而另一边，司法鉴定中心的鉴定结果显示：陈荣父亲属于限制民事行为能力人，不具备监护能力。<br></span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><br></p><p style='caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 68px;height: 49px;'></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px;'><span style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);'><strong>律师援助<span style='display: none;line-height: 0px;'></span></strong></span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>前期情况摸排得差不多之后，5月12日，上海市长宁区法律援助中心指定吴芳为援助律师，援助律师要负责帮助徐如丽起草所涉及的所有法律文书，提交检察院。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>吴芳第一次走进徐如丽和陈荣的家，看到的是狭窄局促，光线暗淡的空间，陈荣母亲的遗像挂在书桌左上角的墙上。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>当吴芳律师进入援助链条时，她发现一些细腻亲情。马路窄的地方，孩子会搀扶着大姨小心走过。来上海后，陈荣也教大姨学会了使用高德地图等出行软件。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>有个细节，徐如丽一直记着。陈荣买了一杯奶茶，徐如丽提出想尝一尝什么味道，直接用他的吸管对着喝，尝完，陈荣接着喝。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>在河南老家，徐如丽住得离女儿很近，大约两公里，女儿上班，徐如丽帮忙照看孩子，同时兼顾自己和丈夫的小家。徐如丽来上海后，女儿只好辞掉工作，安心带孩子。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>徐如丽说，来上海做监护人首先是她自己家庭的支持，每次提到陈荣无人监护，她都会流泪，她心疼这个妹妹和孩子，她目前的想法是，无论如何把陈荣成年前的这两年坚持下去。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>今年的小麦赶上了烂场雨，6月初农忙时，徐如丽抽空回了河南，帮忙收割。回家期间，她把陈荣拜托给居委会临时照看。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>一个农村女性，在60多岁来上海后，第一次和律师打交道。吴芳介入后，她帮助徐如丽准备法院需要的各种文书材料，徐如丽虽然文化程度不高，但是执行力很强，遇到不明白的地方，能及时求助。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>人生中第一次来法庭。徐如丽记得法官问了自己一个问题，“愿不愿意当监护人？”徐如丽答，“愿意，无论有没有这个判决，我都会照顾陈荣。”</span><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>上海市长宁区人民法院法官顾薛磊与徐如丽（左一）交流。受访者供图</span></strong></span></strong><br></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'></span><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 71px;height: 49px;'></span></section><p><span style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);'><strong>   支持起诉<br></strong></span></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>“合力”是所有人都会提到的词。但各个部门真正地配合运转，不是一件容易的事。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>通过委托社工调查、自己走访，以及听取未成年人的意见之后，检察院判断陈荣父亲已经丧失监护能力。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>遗嘱监护是《民法典》颁布之后一个全新的监护类型。尤丽娜说，希望不要给公众造成误解，“立遗嘱不能随意剥夺天然血缘产生的监护关系。”<br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>在司法实践中，尤丽娜查询后发现，有一些做法，会使用“撤销监护权”这一程序，先撤销父亲的监护权，再按照遗嘱内容转移给被指定人。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>“民法典36条的撤销监护权，是指这个监护人主观不履行监护职责，伤害被监护人。”如果主观故意，涉及性侵虐待遗弃，主动侵害未成年人，监护关系毫无疑问是撤销。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>尤丽娜说，因为陈荣父亲是身体疾病，属于客观原因造成的无法履行监护职责，它并不适用民法典的撤销监护权这一程序。在这件案子中，法律适用民法典第39条，确定的是“监护权终止”而非“撤销监护权”。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>小程序一键抵达检察院，让第一时间向检察院求助成为可能，而检察机关的支持起诉职能也是一大创新。尤丽娜解释，检察院以涉刑事案件为主，民事支持起诉并不是代替当事人去起诉，而主要支持那些诉讼能力较弱的民事主体，比如家暴受害人，农民工等弱势群体，实现双方当事人诉权的实质平等。“大家可能会觉得民事关系是平等双方，检察院进来支持，好像就是公权力介入，打破双方平等，实际上是寻求真正实质意义上的平等。”</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>徐如丽没有法律知识，诉讼能力较弱，背后还牵扯到未成年人的合法权益，实际上检察院的支持起诉，最终依然是为了保护未成年人的合法权益。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>因为是上海首例，整个过程，各个环节都面临不同程度的困难和挑战。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>比如尤丽娜，她最担心的是，和陈荣父亲的谈话会刺激到对方的精神状况，致使病情加重，造成进一步的伤害，万一对方坚决不同意由徐如丽来担任监护人，整个局面将更加复杂。所幸，在和法院的谈话中，陈荣父亲意识清醒，同意遗嘱的内容。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>前期的法律问题厘清，确认徐如丽有监护资格，也有监护意愿。2023年6月，长宁区检察院支持徐如丽向长宁法院提起确认监护人资格的民事特别程序诉讼。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>开庭前，上海市长宁区人民法院法官顾薛磊到精神卫生中心与陈荣父亲沟通。受访者供图</span></strong></span></strong><br></p><p><span style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);'><strong><br></strong></span></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 71px;height: 49px;'></span></section><p><span style='color: rgb(122, 68, 66);'><strong>   非对抗式庭审<br></strong></span></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>8月22日，开庭现场，这不是一次对抗式的庭审。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>所有到案的当事人，关注焦点都集中在一个16岁孩子的切身利益上。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>“未成年人可能还是不成熟，如果一热一冲动去炒股票理财了亏了怎么办？我们要对得起这个妈妈临终的嘱托呀。”长宁区法院顾薛磊法官说。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>顾薛磊法官认为，徐如丽的监护能力较弱。64岁，农村女性，文化水平较低，无业，每个月能领到的养老保险是130元。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>反欺诈能力和就业能力决定了她无法完全承担抚养责任。顾薛磊说，监护的一部分是抚养责任，另一部分就是如果不履行或监护缺失的情况下，谁来监管？</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>顾薛磊介绍，第三方财产监管有利于保障一些弱势群体的财产权利。在实践中，时常发生双方为了抢夺孩子或老人的财产，而争夺监护权的事件，最后反而没有真正保障弱势群体的利益。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>与此同时，法律也不排除徐如丽会侵害到未成年权益的可能性。一方面是帮助，另一方面就是监督。这个角色由居委会来承担。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>《未成年人保护法》第四十三条规定“居民委员会、村民委员会应当设置专人专岗负责未成年人保护工作……指导、帮助和监督未成年人的父母或者其他监护人依法履行监护职责，建立留守未成年人、困境未成年人的信息档案并给予关爱帮扶……”</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>在该案中，第一次将未保法43条的相关规定写入判决，居委会可以按照法院的判决来帮助指导和督促监护人履行责任。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>至此，陈荣的财产有了财务和出纳。由长宁公证处专门账户监管陈荣的钱款，定期向长宁区妇联及陈荣寄送钱款明细以接受监督，设置了突发情况提款的流程要求，给陈荣父子的财产安全扎紧了“制度笼子”。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>今后，每月的补助打入徐如丽和陈荣的个人账户，供二人日常生活开销。留下的遗产等数额相对较大的财产则由公证处保管，若遇到看病等需要大额花销的情况，徐阿姨要向居委会提出申请，凭居委会盖章才能领取钱款。这个过程中，居委会还能起到监督徐阿姨的作用。<br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>陈荣父亲跟顾薛磊法官说，自己在电视上也听闻了各种层出不穷的诈骗方式，对财产监管无异议。</span></section><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;'></span><strong style='color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><span style='outline: 0px;'><strong><span style='outline: 0px;'>上海市长宁公证处为上海首个遗嘱监护案提供免费提存公证服务。来源：长宁公正官方微信公众号</span></strong></span></strong><br></p><p style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'></span><br></p><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>上海的未成年人保护链条还不止于此。长宁区教育局和公安、法院、检察院等部门签约，实现了长宁区的中小学包括幼儿园全覆盖，由公检法司的工作人员担任长宁区所有中小学的法治副校长和法治辅导员。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>“学校一出什么事，就可以有一个直接对接案子的法律人员。”陈荣所在学校的法治副校长也是长宁检察院的检察官。当他在学校中面临任何情况，也可以得到关注和解决，这个链条更加闭合。<br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>最终，法院当庭宣布判决结果，确认由徐如丽担任陈荣的监护人。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>这是《民法典》施行后上海首例遗嘱指定监护的案件，也是全国首例将监护监督写进判决的案例。未保法修改完成以后，在司法实践中，还没有出现相关判例引用这个法条，这一判决被视作唤醒了沉睡的法条。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>顾薛磊也提到，二十年前跟现在的未成年保护氛围完全不一样。公证部门对财产进行妥善保管，很多复杂的监护权案子就能更顺利地解决，法官可通过判例引领《民法典》有关遗嘱监护法条的实施，也为将来的立法完善建立参考样本。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>司法和社会两条线的机制共同促成此案。链条的大部分人，没有见过立遗嘱人，仅通过一份书面遗嘱，进行隔空对话和交流。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>“他们家庭原本可以领低保和残疾补助，由于母亲过世，现在低保也不能领了。”顾薛磊说。长宁区妇联和街道为陈荣申请落实困境儿童补助及助学金，居委会也为其提供了帮困补助。妇联在未来还会为徐如丽推荐就业，介绍家政等工作，帮助她更好地融入上海生活。“这些都是实际的困难。不能什么问题都推给监护人来做，那监护人也会心寒的。”</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>18岁以后，陈荣可以选择不再需要监护人，成为独立民事行为能力人，相关的财产也能自行决定。<br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>在18岁之前的这两年，一个完整的法律和社会链条，为他想到了各种可能性。</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>开庭后，陈荣去精神卫生中心看望父亲。父亲牙齿发炎，七颗牙都烂了，要换牙。但精神总体平稳。他跟陈荣说，“要靠自己的努力，抓住机会学习，考一个好的大学。”<br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'><br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15px;'>（应受访者要求，徐如丽、陈荣为化名）<br></span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.6em;'><br></section></div>

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