新能源刺客：充电费暴涨，油车又香了？
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0px;visibility: visible;'></p><section style='outline: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;'><strong style='color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>社交媒体上，油车和电车拥趸们因为电价突然上涨开始辩论，最后结果自然是显而易见的——互相指责对方“被收了智商税”，除了过把嘴瘾，双双都成了输家。</strong></span></section><section style='outline: 0px;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='outline: 0px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;'><strong style='outline: 0px;'><strong style='outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;'><br style='outline: 0px;'></strong></strong></span></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" mpa-from-tpl="t" style='margin-bottom: -30px;outline: 0px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);visibility: visible;'><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style='outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 127.781px;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;visibility: visible;'><section powered-by="xiumi.us" mpa-from-tpl="t" style='margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;outline: 0px;text-align: center;visibility: visible;'><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style='outline: 0px;width: 127.781px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(52, 73, 107);visibility: visible;'><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style='float: left;line-height: 0;width: 0px;vertical-align: top;visibility: visible;' mpa-from-tpl="t"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-indent: 0em; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: right; line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='outline: 0px;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>作者 | 福里斯特</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-indent: 0em; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: right; line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='outline: 0px;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>编辑 | 陆一鸣</span></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-indent: 0em; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: right; line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='outline: 0px;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>题图 | 《狂飙》</span></section><p style='margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.75em;'><br></p><p style='margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.75em;'><br></p><p style='margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;'>7月底，随着国内第15轮油价调整正式到来，每吨汽、柴油价格不出意料地上涨了200元，全国各大城市的加油站前，又挤满了赶在油价调整窗口期加满油的私家车，尽管大多数来加油站排队的车主，早已习惯了连涨不跌的油价。</span></p><p style='margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.75em;'><br></p><p style='margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; line-height: 1.75em;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;'>但比起淡定的油车车主，不少电车车主这段时间却很是头疼——不仅要忍受盛夏时节又烫又怕的乘车体验、被高温天气偷走的续航里程，最近还被充电费狠狠地刺了一刀，感到猝不及防。</span></p><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 10px;'>电动汽车充电费，居然也成了“刺客”？（图/视觉中国）</span></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>有电车车主在社交平台爆料，上海虹桥商务区附近的公共充电桩充电价格最近突然大幅涨价，同一时间段里的充电价格从之前的1.15元/度，一夜之间变成2.15元/度，价格上涨将近九成。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>类似的情况在全国多地都有出现。有坐标郑州的电动车车主在网上晒出充电截图，补充说市区不少充电桩在最便宜的“深夜阶段”（每天23点—次日7点），每度电的价格从原来的0.45元上涨至0.73元，白天最高电价一度逼近2元/度，“涨价涨得特别凶”。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>人们青睐电动车，最大的因素就是其对油车碾压式的低用车成本。但当电价突然成了“刺客”，着实让人难以理解。有人认为公共充电桩成了“电老虎”，“新能源车还值不值得买/开”的讨论也在互联网上满天飞，一时间，油车和电车之间的争辩又开始喋喋不休。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 546px;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: center;'><span style='font-size: 20px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong>电价开始“狂飙”，</strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: center;'><span style='font-size: 20px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong>什么原因？</strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>乍一看，电价只是涨了几毛钱，仔细算过后才能明白涨价的影响到底有多大。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>目前主流电动汽车的电池容量在50度左右，按照涨价后的电价计算，给电动车充满电的费用将超过100元，远比之前四、五十块的充电费贵得多。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>也有网友算过一笔账，若按照电动车百公里耗电15度、充电费2元/度，油车百公里耗油10升、成品油7元/升计算，电车使用费用约是油车的四成。再加上电动车充电频率比油车加油更频繁这一特点，烧电的新能源汽车居然比烧油的传统燃油车还烧钱。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>毕竟并非人人都可享有私桩充电的福利，到公共充电站补能成了绝大多数新能源车车主的必修课。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 10px;'>到公共充电站补能，已经是绝大多数新能源车车主时时刻刻都在经历的事情。（图/图虫创意）</span></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>此轮充电费暴涨的，主要是遍布在城市里的多个第三方商用充电站。这些第三方充电桩的充电费由销售电价和充电服务费两部分构成，其中销售电价是指运营商从电网采购电力的成本，充电服务费则是用于弥补充电设施的运营成本，两个价格都并非一成不变。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>近期充电费用上涨，与销售电价的波动有直接关系。而一个比较具有共识性的看法是，工商业用电政策调整直接影响了充电费。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>今年5月，国家发展改革委印发了《国家发展改革委关于第三监管周期省级电网输配电价及有关事项的通知》（以下简称通知），并于6月1日起实行新的电价方案。根据《通知》里的表述，新电价方案将用户用电价格逐步归并为居民生活、农业生产及工商业用电（除执行居民生活和农业生产用电价格以外的用电）三类，不再区分大工业用户和一般工商业用户。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>市面上的大型充电站的用电，一般来说属于工商业用电，电价格比按居民用电来计价的私人充电桩要更贵。加上夏季用电负荷比往年再创新高，部分地区用电供应趋紧，连带让整个市场的电价水涨船高。毕竟，电价并非一成不变，而是在电力交易市场里随时变动，提供补能服务的第三方品牌充电费也要随之变动。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 10px;'><strong><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);'>电价并非一成不变。（图/《纸之书》）</span></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>过去嘲笑油车车主“只能在加油站用颤抖的声音喊‘加满’”的电车车主，也许没有想到现在自己也会因为暴涨的电价成了同道中人，在充电App里输入支付密码也变得战战兢兢。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>当电价在盛夏时节被迫走高、在交易市场里随机波动，电动车司机唯一能做的，除了想办法去适应，似乎也没别的办法。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;width: 546px;height: 107px;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: center;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;'><strong></strong></span><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);'><strong>充电变贵了，</strong></span></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: center;'><span style='font-size: 20px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong>会不会一直持续下去？</strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>“充电涨价”冲上热搜后，有公共充电站品牌接受媒体采访时表示，充电价格上涨“是因为过去的充电价格较低，现在是把电价回调到正常范围”，有品牌方则透露充电价格未来有可能会下调，“但是不能完全保证一定就会下调”。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>如今，公共充电站越来越多，电动车车主们实现了充电自由，但绝大多数公共充电桩运营商却一直处在微利阶段，更有运营商甚至面临亏损。就算是车企自己经营的充电网络，都是一门不赚钱的生意，“基本上都在亏损”。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;'><span style='color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 10px;'>经营充电站，其实并不赚钱。（图/视觉中国）</span></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>究其原因，是这些充电桩大多设在公共停车场里，每月都得向合作的停车场支付额外的费用，价格往往不菲。而且充电站属于重资产行业，前期投入颇高，有券商机构测算单个60kW的普通充电桩的初始投资费用至少在6万元起步。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>另一方面，公共充电桩的入来源则只是单一的充电费——也就是倒差价后的销售电价和充电服务费，最多只能加上充电以外的增值服务，盈利模式格外单一，也难以做得出更新的花样。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>电价上涨往往随大流波动，加上过去政府提供的补贴“基本上已经到期”，唯一能“花些心思”的只有常常被新能源车车主们忽视的充电服务费，才能让这门生意亏得不这么多。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>据《河南经济报》报道，有当地新能源车车主反映，此次充电桩涨价后电费价格浮动不大，但每度电的服务费却比之前翻了整整一倍。有车主觉得理亏，认为这是如假包换的“割韭菜”，后悔当时多番对比后一咬牙买纯电动车的行为。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><br></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>社交媒体上，油车和电车拥趸们因为电价突然上涨开始辩论，最后结果自然是显而易见的——互相指责对方“被收了智商税”，除了过把嘴瘾，双双都成了输家。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 10px;'>油车、电车的拥趸们，又因为“充电划算还是加油划算”吵得面红耳赤了。（图/《头文字D》）</span></strong><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;'></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>然而真正的电车车主，才没有功夫参与到这种无聊又充满戾气的讨论之中。不管充电价格是两毛钱还是两块钱，还不是都需要给车子补能才能让纯电动车跑起来，大不了多方对比后选一个合适的平台、找一个价格便宜的时间段补能，减少不必要的损失。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>不论是油车加油还是电车充电，都是如此。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>有汽车专家接受媒体采访时澄清，此番涨价不是全国性的涨价，涨价只是为了向其他城市的基本水平看齐；大部分城市不存在大幅涨价行为，只是天气和市场波动造成的。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><br></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>更进一步来说，充电价格也不太可能狂飙到与油价完全持平的地步。毕竟假如真的涨得太离谱，没有人来充电，充电桩就会变成废桩，靠充电赚钱的品牌当然不会冒这个险来让自己在市场上一败涂地。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><br></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>但不论充电价格变贵与否，新能源汽车和充电桩数量的配比依旧不平衡。截至2023年5月底，中国充电基础设施规模已达到635.6万台；与之相比的是，今年上半年全国已有1620万辆新能源汽车在马路上驰骋。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'>说到底，对普通的新能源车车主来说，有更多的充电桩提供合理的价格，才是比打低价价格战更重要的选项。假如充电桩只有那么几个，就算价格再便宜，也很难让新能源车车主放心驾驶自己的爱车。</span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><br></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;'></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;'><span style='color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 10px;'>新能源汽车和充电桩配比不平衡的问题，还将继续持续下去。（图/视觉中国）</span></strong><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;'></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px;'><span style='letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;'><strong style='letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;'><span style='color: rgb(52, 73, 107);font-size: 10px;'><br></span></strong></span></section><section style='line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 16px; margin-right: 16px; text-align: right;'><br></section></div>
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